The Indian subcontinent is a vast, geologically distinct landmass—once part of the ancient supercontinent Gondwana—encompassing Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka, and home to nearly 2 billion people. Shaped by the collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates, it's defined by the Himalayas to the north and bordered by major oceans. While often used interchangeably with “South Asia,” the subcontinent term sometimes excludes Afghanistan. This region is incredibly diverse, culturally and geographically, with a history shaped by both land and maritime routes, and remains prone to seismic activity.Wikipedia